What is this ingredient? Selenium-enriched yeast is a natural yeast (typically Saccharomyces) grown in a selenium-rich medium so that it incorporates selenium into organic forms, mainly selenomethionine but also other seleno-compounds. It is used as a dietary selenium source to support the activity of selenoproteins such as glutathione peroxidases and thioredoxin reductases, which help control oxidative stress and redox balance. In healthy men, randomized trials show that selenium-enriched yeast and pure selenomethionine both raise plasma selenium substantially, but they may differ in how they affect oxidative-stress biomarkers and in their profiles of circulating selenium species [0,2,10].

Earlier cancer-prevention data are complex. The Nutritional Prevention of Cancer (NPC) trial, which used a selenized yeast supplement (~200 μg/day), reported reduced incidence of several cancers including prostate cancer in selenium‑replete men, whereas the much larger SELECT trial using the single compound selenomethionine at the same dose did not reduce prostate cancer risk and suggested possible signals for high-grade disease and type 2 diabetes [5,9]. This has led to ongoing interest in whether selenium-enriched yeast, with its mixture of selenium forms, behaves differently from isolated selenomethionine in target tissues such as the prostate [2,10].

Why include it in this formula? From its ingredient list—selenium-enriched yeast, zinc, lycopene, saw palmetto, and pumpkin seed oil—and the name “Prostate Care,” this product is clearly focused on male prostate and urinary health. Within this architecture, selenium-enriched yeast is the "selenoprotein and redox" pillar. By supplying organic selenium, it supports glutathione peroxidase and other selenoproteins that help limit oxidative damage within prostate and surrounding tissues, a process thought to contribute to age‑associated prostate changes [0,2,5,10].

It complements zinc (critical for prostate function and antioxidant enzymes), lycopene (a carotenoid with observational links to prostate health), and lipid-rich plant extracts like saw palmetto and pumpkin seed oil that are included for hormonal and urinary‑symptom support. While current large trials caution against high-dose selenium for general prostate‑cancer chemoprevention in selenium-replete men [5,9], appropriately dosed selenium-enriched yeast here is used as part of a broader micronutrient and phytochemical network aimed at maintaining redox balance and structural integrity in the aging prostate, rather than as an isolated high‑dose anti‑cancer drug.

References

• [0] Comparative effects of two different forms of selenium on oxidative stress biomarkers in healthy men: a randomized clinical trial
• [2] Prostatic response to supranutritional selenium supplementation: comparison of the target tissue potency of selenomethionine vs. selenium‑yeast on markers of prostatic homeostasis
• [5] Selenomethionine and methyl selenocysteine: multiple‑dose pharmacokinetics in selenium‑replete men
• [9] Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT)

What is this ingredient? Zinc citrate is a supplemental form of zinc in which the mineral is bound to citric acid. Zinc itself is an essential trace element required as a structural or catalytic cofactor for hundreds of enzymes and transcription factors. It supports DNA and protein synthesis, cell division, antioxidant defense, and immune competence. The prostate normally accumulates high concentrations of zinc compared with many other soft tissues, and changes in zinc handling have been observed in both benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer tissue [6,10].

At the cellular level, zinc influences oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling. Zinc deficiency in vascular and other cells increases NF‑κB activation, COX‑2 expression, adhesion molecules, and monocyte adhesion, whereas adequate zinc helps restrain these pro‑inflammatory pathways [0]. In prostate models, zinc can modulate 5‑α‑reductase activity and prostate‑cell proliferation, though effects depend on concentration and cell type [2,9,10]. Epidemiologic data in large U.S. cohorts suggest that usual supplemental intakes are not harmful, but chronically high zinc doses (>75–100 mg/day for many years) may be associated with greater risk of aggressive prostate cancer, highlighting the importance of moderate, not excessive, supplementation [1,5].

Why include it in this formula? With selenium‑enriched yeast, lycopene, saw palmetto, and pumpkin seed oil, “Prostate Care - 30” is clearly designed to support prostate and lower urinary tract health. Within this network, zinc citrate is the core "enzymatic and tissue‑support" mineral. It helps maintain normal epithelial turnover, supports antioxidant enzymes, and contributes to immune balance in and around the prostate [0,6,10]. Zinc’s long‑recognized importance for male reproductive and prostate function makes it a logical inclusion alongside saw palmetto and pumpkin seed oil, which are aimed more directly at androgen and urinary‑symptom pathways.

Using a bioavailable form such as zinc citrate allows effective support at moderate doses, avoiding the very high long‑term intakes linked to increased risk of lethal prostate cancer in observational data [1,5]. Paired with selenium for selenoprotein‑mediated redox defense and lycopene for carotenoid antioxidant support, zinc citrate helps provide a balanced micronutrient base for maintaining prostate integrity and comfort as part of a broader, lifestyle‑oriented approach to male urologic health.

References

• [0] Zinc deficiency induces vascular pro‑inflammatory parameters associated with NF‑κB and PPAR signaling
• [1] Zinc supplement use and risk of prostate cancer
• [2] The effect of zinc on the 5 α‑reduction of testosterone by the hyperplastic human prostate gland
• [5] Zinc supplement use and risk of aggressive prostate cancer: a 30‑year follow‑up study
• [6] C‑peptide, testosterone, estrogen, cortisol and zinc in patients with benign hyperplasia of the prostate
• [9] Zinc induces a bell‑shaped proliferative dose‑response effect in cultured smooth muscle cells from benign prostatic hyperplasia
• [10] Profiling of zinc‑altered gene expression in human prostate normal vs. cancer cells: a time course study

What is this ingredient? Lycopene is a red carotenoid pigment found mainly in tomatoes and tomato products. As a fat‑soluble antioxidant, it can help quench singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen species, protecting lipids, DNA, and cellular structures from oxidative damage. In the context of men’s health, lycopene has been extensively studied because it accumulates in the prostate and other glands at relatively high concentrations.

Large prospective cohort studies and meta‑analyses indicate that higher dietary and circulating lycopene are modestly associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer overall, with risk reductions of roughly 1% per additional 2 mg/day of dietary lycopene and about 3–5% per 10 μg/dL higher blood lycopene in some analyses [0,1,2]. Pooled biomarker data suggest that men in the highest quintile of circulating lycopene have lower risk of aggressive prostate cancer compared with those in the lowest quintile [6]. However, randomized trials of lycopene supplements in men with established prostate cancer or BPH show mixed results, with some PSA improvements mainly in subgroups with higher baseline PSA and no clear effect on incidence overall [3,7].

Why include it in this formula? From its name and ingredients—selenium-enriched yeast, zinc, lycopene, saw palmetto, and pumpkin seed oil—“Prostate Care - 30” is clearly formulated to support prostate and lower urinary tract health. Within this network, lycopene (as a Lycopersicon complex) is the primary "prostate‑targeted carotenoid" pillar. Observational data from large cohorts and recent dose‑response meta‑analyses support an inverse association between higher tomato/lycopene intake and prostate cancer risk, particularly for more aggressive disease [0,1,2,6,8].

Lycopene’s antioxidant and membrane‑stabilizing actions complement selenium’s role in selenoenzymes, zinc’s importance for prostate enzymes and immune balance, and the hormonal and urinary‑symptom support offered by saw palmetto and pumpkin seed oil. While it is not a stand‑alone treatment, including lycopene as part of a multi‑nutrient, plant‑oil blend aligns with dietary evidence that tomato‑rich patterns are associated with better long‑term prostate outcomes, especially when combined with an overall healthy lifestyle and medical follow‑up as needed [0,1,2,6,8].

References

• [0] Increased dietary and circulating lycopene are associated with reduced prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis
• [1] Dietary intake of tomato and lycopene, blood levels of lycopene, and risk of total and specific cancers in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
• [2] Lycopene intake and prostate cancer risk in men at high cardiovascular risk: a prospective cohort study
• [3] Lycopene for the prevention and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer: a systematic review
• [6] Carotenoids, retinol, tocopherols, and prostate cancer risk: pooled analysis of 15 studies
• [8] Intake of carotenoids and retinol in relation to risk of prostate cancer

What is this ingredient? Saw palmetto is a lipid extract from the berries of Serenoa repens. The fruit oil contains free fatty acids and phytosterols that can interact with androgen pathways and local inflammatory signaling in the prostate and lower urinary tract. It is widely used as a phytotherapeutic option for men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Clinical evidence is mixed: some randomized trials and open studies report improvements in symptom scores and urinary flow with 320 mg/day lipid extract over 2–6 months, while several large double‑blind, placebo‑controlled trials, including high‑dose escalation up to 960 mg/day, have found no significant benefit over placebo for LUTS or objective urodynamic measures [, , , ].

Despite this inconsistency, most studies agree that standardized saw palmetto oil extracts are generally well tolerated, with adverse events similar to placebo rates. Mechanistically, saw palmetto is thought to weakly inhibit 5‑α‑reductase and influence inflammatory mediators within prostate tissue, but the clinical impact appears modest and may depend on extract standardization and individual variability.

Why include it in this formula? “Prostate Care - 30” combines selenium‑enriched yeast, zinc (as citrate), lycopene, saw palmetto, and pumpkin seed oil, clearly targeting prostate comfort and lower urinary tract health in aging men. Within this design, saw palmetto fruit oil is the central "symptom‑oriented phytotherapy" pillar. While selenium, zinc, and lycopene focus on micronutrient and antioxidant support for prostate tissue, and pumpkin seed oil provides additional fatty acids and phytosterols, saw palmetto is included specifically for its traditional role in helping ease urinary frequency, nocturia, and weak stream in BPH.

Given the mixed high‑level evidence, this ingredient should be viewed as a gentle, generally safe adjunct rather than a stand‑alone treatment. Its potential to modestly improve LUTS in some men complements the more structural and redox‑focused support from minerals, selenium, and lycopene. Used together, these ingredients aim to create a balanced, nutrition‑plus‑phytotherapy approach to long‑term prostate care and urinary comfort, alongside medical evaluation and lifestyle measures when appropriate.

References

• [1] Effect of increasing doses of saw palmetto extract on lower urinary tract symptoms: a randomized trial
• [2] Serenoa repens extract for benign prostate hyperplasia: a randomized controlled trial
• [3] Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of saw palmetto in men with lower urinary tract symptoms
• [4] Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms: effects on urodynamic parameters and voiding symptoms

What is this ingredient? Pumpkin seed oil is the lipid extract from the seeds of Cucurbita pepo. It is naturally rich in unsaturated fatty acids and phytosterols, including a distinctive group of Δ7‑phytosterols. Experimental and animal studies show that pumpkin seed oil and its phytosterol fraction can inhibit testosterone‑induced prostate enlargement and modulate key pathways involved in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In rats, oral pumpkin seed oil significantly reduced the increase in prostate weight caused by testosterone administration, indicating a protective effect against prostate hyperplasia [0].

More recent work has identified Δ7‑phytosterols as major active components. In testosterone‑propionate–induced BPH rats, total phytosterols isolated from hull‑less pumpkin seed oil (rich in Δ7‑phytosterols) significantly ameliorated prostate enlargement, suppressed 5‑α‑reductase and androgen‑receptor expression, reduced proliferation markers, and increased apoptosis‑related signals in prostate tissue [4]. These mechanistic data support pumpkin seed oil as a nutraceutical with specific relevance for prostate health.

Why include it in this formula? “Prostate Care - 30” combines selenium‑enriched yeast, zinc, lycopene, saw palmetto, and pumpkin seed oil—clearly targeting male prostate and lower urinary tract support. Within this network, pumpkin seed oil is the "phytosterol and fatty‑acid" pillar. Human clinical studies in men with BPH have shown that oral pumpkin seed oil (or preparations based on pumpkin seed extract) can significantly reduce International Prostate Symptom Scores and improve quality of life over several months, with an excellent safety profile, although typically with smaller effects than standard α‑blocker drugs [2,5,7].

Pumpkin seed oil’s Δ7‑phytosterols add a 5‑α‑reductase–modulating and anti‑proliferative dimension that complements saw palmetto’s more broadly studied lipidosterolic actions, while its healthy fatty‑acid profile supports general urologic and cardiometabolic well‑being [0,4]. Together with zinc and selenium for enzymatic and redox balance, and lycopene as a prostate‑concentrated carotenoid, pumpkin seed oil helps round out a multifaceted, food‑derived approach to maintaining prostate volume, urinary comfort, and long‑term glandular health.

References

• [0] Inhibition of testosterone‑induced hyperplasia of the prostate of Sprague‑Dawley rats by pumpkin seed oil
• [2] Effects of pumpkin seed in men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia in the one‑year, randomized, placebo‑controlled GRANU study
• [4] Phytosterols in hull‑less pumpkin seed oil, rich in Δ7‑phytosterols, ameliorate benign prostatic hyperplasia by lowering 5α‑reductase and regulating balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis in rats
• [7] Prosta Fink Forte capsules in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: multicentric surveillance study in 2,245 patients